Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath (the protective covering of nerve fibers), causing inflammation, scarring (sclerosis), and disrupted nerve signaling.

Four disease courses have been identified in multiple sclerosis:

Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS)

• RRMS — the most common disease course — is characterized by clearly defined attacks of worsening neurologic function. These attacks — also called relapses, flare-ups or exacerbations — are followed by partial or complete recovery periods (remissions), during which symptoms improve partially or completely and there is no apparent progression of disease. Approximately 85% of people with MS are initially diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS.

Secondary-progressive MS (SPMS)

• The name for this course comes from the fact that it follows after the relapsing-remitting course. Most people who are initially diagnosed with RRMS will eventually transition to SPMS, which means that the disease will begin to progress more steadily (although not necessarily more quickly), with or without relapses.

Primary-progressive MS (PPMS)

• PPMS is characterized by steadily worsening neurologic function from the beginning. Although the rate of progression may vary over time with occasional plateaus and temporary, minor improvements, there are no distinct relapses or remissions. About 10% of people with MS are diagnosed with PPMS.

Progressive-relapsing MS (PRMS)

PRMS — the least common of the four disease courses — is characterized by steadily progressing disease from the beginning and occasional exacerbations along the way. People with this form of MS may or may not experience some recovery following these attacks; the disease continues to progress without remissions.

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At ANC’s Neurology, our providers have been recognized by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society as Partners in MS Care for their expertise in treating patients with MS.

Currently, there is no cure for Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but there are several effective treatment options to help manage the disease. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) can improve function after an attack, reduce the frequency of new attacks, and slow the progression of disability.  

Some of the most notable treatments include:  

Oral Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera®)  

Injected Beta Interferons (such as Avonex® and Plegridy®)  

Infused Natalizumab (Tysabri®)  

Infused Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada®)  

At ANC’s Neurology, we also administer high-dose corticosteroids to help manage and treat MS attacks. Alongside these treatments, physical therapy and counseling play vital roles in managing symptoms and improving overall quality of life for individuals living with MS. These therapies work together to provide a comprehensive approach to care and support.  

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Our experienced staff is dedicated to helping you access patient assistance programs to ensure you receive the care and treatment you need, making healthcare more affordable and accessible. We’re here to guide you through the process and connect you with the resources that can support your treatment journey.